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The Emancipation Proclamation was an executive order issued by Abraham Lincoln on January 1, 1863. It proclaimed the freedom of slaves in the ten Confederate states still in rebellion. It also decreed that freed slaves could be enlisted in the Union Army, thereby increasing the Union’s available manpower. It was an
important step towards abolishing slavery and conferring American citizenship upon ex-slaves, although the Proclamation did not actually outlaw slavery or không lấy phí the slaves in the Union states that still permitted it. The Proclamation broadened the goals of the Union war effort; it made the eradication of slavery into an explicit Union goal, in addition to the reuniting of the country.

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Essential QuestionsCompetenciesBackground Material for TeacherEnd of Unit AssessmentWhat is the Emancipation Proclamation?When was the Emancipation Proclamation signed?How did the Emancipation Proclamation affect African Americans?How did the southern states feel about Abraham Lincoln?Did the Emancipation Proclamation upset the South?How did the South respond to Lincoln’s inaugural address?Why did the southern states fear President Lincoln as they did?

The Proclamation also prevented European forces from intervening in the war on behalf of the Confederacy.
Because the Emancipation Proclamation made the abolition of slavery into a Union goal, it linked tư vấn for the Confederacy to tư vấn for slavery. As Lincoln hoped, the Proclamation swung foreign popular opinion in favor of the Union by gaining the tư vấn of European countries that had already outlawed slaver. It effectively ended the Confederacy’s hopes of gaining official recognition from European heads of state.

This lesson demonstrates the importance of the immediate effects that
the Emancipation Proclamation had on four major American groups: the Confederate states, the Union states, the Union Army, and black Americans.

Topics

Abolition

Civil War

Politics

Slavery

Big Ideas

US History

Essential Questions

How has social disagreement and collaboration been beneficial to American society?

What document or artifact best summarizes the United States and why?

Concepts

Textual evidence,
material artifacts, the built environment, and historic sites are central to understanding United States history.

Conflict and cooperation among social groups, organizations, and nation-states are critical to comprehending society in the United States. Domestic instability, ethnic and racial relations, labor relations, immigration, and wars and revolutions are examples of social disagreement and collaboration.

Competencies

Analyze a primary source
for accuracy and bias and connect it to a time and place in United States history.

Summarize how conflict and compromise in United States history impact contemporary society.

Background Material for Teacher

The Emancipation Proclamation 150. Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 137 (1).

Franklin,
J.H. (1963). The Emancipation Proclamation. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday.

Guelzo, A.C. (2004). The Great Event of the Nineteenth Century : Lincoln issues the Emancipation Proclamation. Treasures of the Historical Society of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania Legacies 4 (2), 20-23.

Holzer, H., Medford, E.G., & Williams, F.J. (2006). The Emancipation Proclamation : three views (social, political, iconographic). Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press.

End of Unit Assessment

Students will perform an oral presentation of their assigned group’s perspective to the rest of the class. Students will then use the historical arguments of all four groups to write a 1-2 page response, comparing and contrasting the effect that the Emancipation Proclamation had on each group.

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Top Questions

What is the Emancipation Proclamation?

When was the Emancipation Proclamation signed?

How did the Emancipation Proclamation affect African Americans?

Emancipation Proclamation, edict issued by U.S. Pres.
Abraham Lincoln on January 1, 1863, that freed the slaves of the Confederate states in rebellion against the Union.

Before the start of the
American Civil War, many people and leaders of the North had been primarily concerned merely with stopping the extension of slavery into western territories that would eventually achieve statehood within the Union. With the secession of the Southern states and the consequent start of the Civil War, however, the continued tolerance of Southern
slavery by Northerners seemed no longer to serve any constructive political purpose. Emancipation thus quickly changed from a distant possibility to an imminent and
feasible eventuality. Lincoln had declared that he meant to save the Union as best he could—by preserving slavery, by destroying it, or by destroying part and preserving part. Just after the Battle of Antietam (September 17, 1862) he issued his proclamation calling on the
revolted states to return to their allegiance before the next year, otherwise their slaves would be declared không lấy phí men. No state returned, and the threatened declaration was issued on January 1, 1863.

As president, Lincoln could issue no such declaration; as commander in chief of the armies and navies of the
United States he could issue directions only as to the territory within his lines; but the Emancipation Proclamation applied only to territory outside of his lines. It has therefore been debated whether the proclamation was in reality of any force. It may fairly be taken as an announcement of the policy that was to guide the army and as a declaration of freedom taking effect as the lines
advanced. At all events, this was its exact effect.

Its international importance was far greater. The locking up of the world’s source of cotton supply had been a general calamity, and the
Confederate government and people had steadily expected that the English and French governments would intervene in the war. The conversion of the struggle into a crusade against slavery made European intervention impossible.

The Emancipation Proclamation did more than lift the war to the level of a crusade
for human freedom. It brought some substantial practical results, because it allowed the Union to recruit Black soldiers. To this invitation to join the army the Blacks responded in considerable numbers, nearly 180,000 of them enlisting during the remainder of the war. By August 26, 1863, Lincoln could report, in a letter to James C. Conkling, that “the emancipation policy, and the use of colored troops,
constitute the heaviest blow yet dealt to the rebellion.”

Two months before the war ended—in February 1865—Lincoln told portrait painter Francis B. Carpenter that the Emancipation Proclamation was “the central act of my administration, and the greatest sự kiện of the nineteenth century.” To Lincoln and to his countrymen it had become
evident that the proclamation had dealt a deathblow to slavery in the United States, a fate that was officially sealed by the ratification of the Thirteenth Amendment in December 1865.

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The Editors of Encyclopaedia BritannicaThis article was most recently revised and updated by Adam
Augustyn.

How did the southern states feel about Abraham Lincoln?

These prominent Southerners possessed an outright dislike for Lincoln and responded to his candidacy and eventual election with great hostility. This paper will explore why so many Southerners disliked Abraham Lincoln and why they were willing to take action that would lead to war in 1861.

Did the Emancipation Proclamation upset the South?

The Emancipation Proclamation had cost the South the recognition of Britain and France. The South was furious over the proclamation. Southern newspapers attacked Lincoln. They accused him of trying to create a slave rebellion in states he could not occupy with troops.

How did the South respond to Lincoln’s inaugural address?

Despite Lincoln’s reassurances, southerners were not convinced. Many believed that slavery could not be protected in the current Union regardless of who was in charge. States that had already seceded continued to encourage border states to join their new nation.

Why did the southern states fear President Lincoln as they did?

With the election of President Lincoln in 1860, southern officials began to fear that Lincoln would repeal the bill and that the northern majority would threaten their way of life – and their economic interests. Southern states began to fear that Lincoln would emancipate slaves.
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